Titanium tubes are in demand and much relied upon in industries such as aerospace, chemical, and medical because of strong and corrosion resistant features. However, the production process of titanium pipes is relatively complicated and is affected by a variety of factors. Comprehensive knowledge of these parameters is therefore essential for manufacturing optimization and enhancement in quality and property of titanium doped tubes.
Material properties lay the foundation
The high strength and outstanding corrosion resistance of titanium metal enable it to have stabile property in many severe working conditions. Yet the plasticity of titanium is also quite limited, making the processing and molding of the material rather difficult. During the production of titanium tubes, how to enhance the plasticity while maintain the high strength and corrosion resistance becomes the important topic. For instance, when developing the processing technology, it is necessary to select the processing parameter carefully in order to avoid the defects like cracking resulted from the lack of plasticity in the processing, and it can ensure the ti tube smoothly finish the subsequent processing and forming.
Products are defined by manufacturing instrumentation and strains processing step-related defined shape and characteristics of in-process materials
Titanium tubes manufacturing is typically achieved by a combination of hot-working and cold-working. The hot processing discipline comprises forging, hot rolling and hot extrusion, while cold processing consists of cold rolling, cold drawing and cold extrusion. Various form and shaping procedures and manufacturing equipments can majorly influence the quality and performance of titanium tube. Taking the forging process as an example, a suitable temperature can achieve a good plastic state of titanium metal, which is convenient for forming and processing.Titanium metal is susceptible to oxidation when the temperature is too high, and its surface quality is not only reduced but its performance may be reduced if its internal structure is damaged; When the temperature is too low, the plasticity of titanium metal is not enough, the processing difficulty is increased, and defects such as cracks may be generated. As a result, accurate temperature control is necessary for each process to allow the processing of the titanium tubes at the best temperature conditions.
Fine control of deformation control
During the production of titanium tube, the shape and size are changed by means of many processing techniques. Good deformation process control can greatly improve the quality of the titanium tube. The internal structure of the titaniuim tubes can be optimized and the mechanical properties of the tubes can be enhanced by proper deformation. Reasonable cold drawing deformation can refine grain size of titanium tube and strengthen it to a certain extent, just like the example above. But if deformation is too large, the material could be strained excessively and locally concentrated stress will be formed, which would easily lead to crack formation; If deformation is too small, expected processing effect will not be achieved, which makes the performance improvement of titanium tube influenced. Hence, high precision deformation control for titanium tube based on material and process is a crucial part for successful manufacturing of titanium tubes.
Environmental influences are not to be disregarded
During the production process, titanium metal is active in chemistry, and can be combined with the elements such as oxygen and nitrogen easily. Hence, processing should be performed in a controlled atmosphere (for example, in vacuum or in inert gas) during which the oxidation or nitriding of the titanium metal will be inhibited and the quality and performance of the surface can be protected. Besides, environmental conditions such as humidity and dust should not be underestimated. High humidity can cause rust on the surface of titanium pipes during cold working, which will affect the corrosion resistance of pipes; dust pollution will cause defects on the surface of titanium tubes, thus reducing the smoothness of the surface. Consequently the production shop must be so arranged that good environmental conditions prevail and that the titanium pipe is worked in a clean, dry atmosphere.
During heating, forging and cold working, the workmen must be dexterous and possess sufficient practical knowledge. For example, in the heating process, worker should accurately judge the heating temperature and time to make sure that titanium metal obtains the right process heat; when forging, the forging force and direction should be controlled properly according to the shape and size of the titanium tube. Skilled technicians can immediately identify anomalies in the production process and respond effectively making adjustments, enabling the production processes to run without interruption and the product quality to be dependable and constantly stable.
Strict Security Protection
In titanium tube processing, certain links may come into contact with high temperature and high-energy field during processing, so there are some potential safety hazards.Thus, strict safety management should be enforced in the course of fabrication. First, workers should be fully protected with personal protective gear, such as protective clothing, gloves, goggles, etc., to minimize the damage of high temperature, splashing and other factors to the workers; Secondly, promulgate and perfect safety management system, strengthen safety inspections and maintenance of equipment to ensure the safety and reliability of equipme nt. And at the same time, the waste and pollutants generated in the product manufacturing should be properly handled to safeguard the environmental safety.
All in all, the process for making titanium tubes is complex and is influenced by such factors as the property of the material, manufacturing equipment and process, pre-treatment method, temperature and deformation control, environment, skills and experiences of workers, and securit. Only by taking full account of these factors and by means of continuous optimization of the manufacturing process through scientific processes and technological advances can an improvement in quality and property of titanium tube products be realized to satisfy the requirements for size-quality for high grade titanium tubes across a variety of fields.
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